Numerical control servo system is a kind of high precision and high efficiency automatic control system, which is widely used in robot, numerical control machine tool, electronic equipment and other fields. Its working principle is to compare the input command signal with the actual motion state, and automatically adjust the speed and position of the motor through the controller to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning and high-speed stable movement.
CNC servo system is mainly composed of controller, servo motor and sensor. The controller receives the command signal from the operator or the automation system, schedules and controls according to the set parameters and feedback signals. The servo motor is responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to achieve speed and position control. The sensor can monitor and feedback the motion state of the servo motor in real time.
In CNC servo system, the command signal is usually generated by the programming device, which includes parameters such as motion trajectory, speed and acceleration. After these command signals are processed by the controller, the current signal is output to the servo motor through the drive chip. At this time, the sensor can capture information such as the speed and position of the servo motor in real time, and feed it back to the controller for real-time adjustment and control of the motion state.
Generally speaking, the control strategy of CNC servo system mainly includes position control, speed control and torque control three modes. Among them, the position control mode controls the rotation Angle and direction of the servo motor by comparing the programmed position instruction and the actual position feedback information, so that it can reach the preset position point. The speed control mode is to control the speed of the servo motor to achieve stable movement by comparing the programmed speed command and the actual speed feedback information. The torque control mode is to control the servo motor to produce the desired torque by comparing the programmed torque instruction and the actual torque feedback information.
In short, the working principle of CNC servo system is to compare the programming instructions with the actual motion state, and automatically adjust the speed and position of the motor through the controller to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency automatic control. This kind of system has important application value in the field of automated manufacturing, which helps to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and promote the development of intelligent manufacturing.